![]() ![]() In class, bored and unimpressed with teachers – who, in turn, resented what they perceived as a disrespectful attitude – Weber secretly read all forty volumes by writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and it has been argued that this was an important influence on his thought and methodology. For Christmas in 1877, a thirteen-year-old Max Weber gifted his parents two historical essays, entitled "About the Course of German history, with Special Reference to the Positions of the Emperor and the Pope", and "About the Roman Imperial Period from Constantine to the Migration Period". The young Weber and his brother Alfred, who also became a sociologist and economist, passed their formative years in this intellectual atmosphere. Weber Sr.'s involvement in public life immersed his home in both politics and academia, as his salon welcomed scholars and public figures like philosopher Wilhelm Dilthey and jurist Levin Goldschmidt. Max Weber (left) and his brothers, Alfred (center) and Karl, in 1879 would be affected by the marital and personality tensions between his father, "a man who enjoyed earthly pleasures" while overlooking religious and philanthropic causes, and his mother, a devout Calvinist "who sought to lead an ascetic life" and held moral absolutist ideas. Fallenstein partly descended from French Huguenot immigrants and came from a wealthy background. held posts as a lawyer, a civil servant, and a parliamentarian for the National Liberal Party in the Prussian Landtag and German Reichstag. He was the oldest of eight children to Max Weber Sr. Maximilian Karl Emil Weber was born on 21 April 1864 in Erfurt, Province of Saxony, Prussia, but his family moved to Berlin in 1869. After contracting Spanish flu, he died of pneumonia in 1920, aged 56. He also ran unsuccessfully for a seat in parliament and served as advisor to the committee that drafted the ill-fated democratic Weimar Constitution of 1919. Wright Mills.Īfter the First World War, Weber was among the founders of the liberal German Democratic Party. His ideas have been influential across the political spectrum – both among liberals and conservatives like Ludwig von Mises, Talcott Parsons, and Raymond Aron, and among radicals and critical theorists like György Lukács, the Frankfurt School, and C. Weber made a variety of other contributions in economic history, theory, and methodology. Weber's analysis of bureaucracy emphasized that modern institutions are increasingly based on rational-legal authority. He was the first to categorise social authority into distinct forms: charismatic, traditional, and rational-legal. In another major work, " Politics as a Vocation", Weber defined "the state" as an entity that successfully claims a " monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force". Protestant Ethic was the earliest part in Weber's broader consideration of world religions, as he later examined the religions of China and India, as well as ancient Judaism, with particular regard to their differing economic consequences and conditions of social stratification. Weber first elaborated this theory in his seminal work The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1905), where he included ascetic Protestantism among the major " elective affinities" leading to the rise of market-driven capitalism and the rational-legal systems of practice in the Western world. Weber is also known for his thesis combining economic sociology and the sociology of religion, emphasising the importance of cultural influences embedded in religion as driving factors of capitalism. He formulated a thesis arguing that such processes are associated with the rise of capitalism and modernity. ![]() ![]() ![]() Weber's main intellectual concern was in understanding the processes of rationalisation, secularisation, and the ensuing sense of " disenchantment". Unlike Durkheim, Weber was a key proponent of methodological anti-positivism, arguing for the study of social action through interpretive rather than purely empiricist methods, based on a subjective understanding of the meanings that individuals attach to their own actions. While Weber did not see himself as a sociologist, he is recognized as one of the fathers of sociology, along with Karl Marx and Émile Durkheim. His ideas profoundly influence social theory and research. Maximilian Karl Emil Weber ( / ˈ v eɪ b ər/ German: 21 April 1864 – 14 June 1920) was a German sociologist, historian, jurist and political economist, who is regarded as among the most important theorists of the development of modern Western society. ![]()
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